How to use Protocol Dataloggers in Arknights: Endfield

Getting access authorization to use Protocol Dataloggers in Arknights: Endfield is pretty confusing. While out and about exploring Talos-II, you'll likely spot these waving balloon men, but upon interacting with them, you simply get a message saying "Access authorization cannot be verified. Please acquire access authorization before starting again."

I spent a good while running around looking for a way to get said access, wondering if it was an environmental puzzle, or whether I needed some hidden nearby item.