'A different kind of war': Former CDS Gen Anil Chauhan outlines new threats facing India, from cognitive colonialism to Pakistan, China

General Anil Chauhan highlighted evolving geopolitical shifts and technological advancements impacting national security. He discussed warfare's changing nature, including information as a weapon and cognitive colonialism. India's response requires strengthening national capacity across traditional and emerging domains. Future conflicts will increasingly involve cyber and information warfare, not just physical attacks. Pakistan and China pose distinct, long-term security challenges to India's borders.