Iran’s shadowy chemical weapons program draws scrutiny as reports allege use against protesters

A new report from the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD) raises concerns about Iran's opaque chemical weapons program, which argues policymakers have paid little attention to compared with Iran's more scrutinized nuclear weapons program. 

The FDD report outlines how the Iranian regime may have resorted to the unconventional use of chemical weapons while it faced an unprecedented uprising beginning in December 2025, a wave of unrest Tehran has not seen since the 1979 Islamic revolution.