How long would critical minerals last in a supply shock?

Critical mineral stockpiles would keep most economies running for only weeks if global supply were suddenly cut.

That vulnerability matters because critical minerals sit at the core of the modern economy, from lithium in electric vehicles to rare earths in wind turbines and defence systems, while production and processing remain heavily concentrated in a small group of countries, leaving supply chains exposed to geopolitical shocks, according to the International Energy Agency.

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