Pakistan’s School Curriculum Reinforces Ideological Bias

Pakistan’s public education system is intended to serve as a foundation for learning, social development, and national cohesion. However, a growing body of independent research and curriculum reviews suggests that elements of the country’s state-sanctioned school curricula embed a narrow ideological framework that risks reinforcing exclusionary narratives rather than fostering pluralism and critical inquiry. These concerns have implications not only for religious and ethnic minorities within Pakistan...