The James Webb Space Telescope Has Transformed How We See Space

Fourth anniversaries aren’t often causes for celebration. But in the case of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), which launched on Dec. 25, 2021, this anniversary marks an important transition.

Until now, JWST has been in discovery mode. A generation in the making at a cost of $9.7 billion, it is the most powerful telescope in history, capable of observing at distances and levels of detail without precedent. 

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But as with any major new scientific instrument...