Reimagining Urban Leadership

Cities rarely behave the way we want them to. Urbanist William Whyte illustrated this in the 1980s when he studied the behaviour of park-goers in New York. Despite planners carefully arranging chairs in unique and novel ways, people instinctively moved them around to suit their own needs. Similarly, the worn paths we see cutting through park lawns are not part of the original design — they are “desire lines,” revealing the routes people naturally choose, rather than those intended by urban planners.