What is Public Debt, and how does the Debt-to-GDP Ratio work?

India's public debt, a mix of internal and external borrowing, is used to fund developmental projects when government revenue falls short. The debt-to-GDP ratio, a key indicator of economic health, decreased to 18.7% in March 2025. The government continues efforts to manage this ratio, aiming for a target of 60% as recommended by the NK Singh Committee.